| | Manuscript Collection | Requires cookie* | | 1 | Title: | Future Outlook League Records
| | | | Creator: | Future Outlook League | | | | Dates: | 1935-1959 | | | | Abstract: | The Future Outlook League was a Cleveland, Ohio, civil rights organization founded in 1935 by John Oliver Holly to promote employment, mobility, and equality for black youth and young adults in the Central area. Holly, the League's first president, was a political office holder in the area. The idea for the League grew out of dissatisfaction with the achievements of existing Negro organizations concerning employment. The organization appealed to both unskilled and semi-skilled Afro-Americans and was one of the first black organizations in the late 1930s to use picketing and economic boycotts to secure employment for Negroes. Supported primarily by weekly fees assessed to those who obtained jobs through the League, the organization integrated staffs of banks, stores, utilities, and industry. Integration of area neighborhoods was also a concern. The collection consists of minutes, financial materials, subject files, scrapbooks, and membership cards. The collection pertains largely to the establishment of the League and its activities in promoting employment and civil rights on behalf of Cleveland's black community. The membership cards reveal characteristics of that community by providing information on marital status, age, occupation, education, and residence. The scrapbooks detail the League's activities against small, local establishments, as well as national chains, such as the A&P Company, Belle Vernon Products, Lawson's Stores, and People's Drug Stores. | | | | Call #: | MS 4171 | | | | Extent: | 5.91 linear feet (13 containers and 1 oversize folder) | | | | Subjects: | Future Outlook League. | African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African Americans -- Civil rights -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African Americans -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Race discrimination -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Black power -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Boycott -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Picketing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions.
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| Manuscript Collection | Requires cookie* | | 2 | Title: | James L. Hardiman Reed v. Rhodes Papers
| | | | Creator: | Hardiman, James L. | | | | Dates: | 1972-2001 | | | | Abstract: | James L. Hardiman (b. 1941), was born in Cleveland, Ohio, the son of Sally and Albert Hardiman and a graduate of John Jay High School in the Cleveland Public School System during the 1950s. Hardiman earned a bachelor's degree from Baldwin-Wallace College in 1963 and his Juris Doctorate from Cleveland Marshall College of Law in 1968. Not long after being admitted to the Ohio bar, Hardiman became an attorney for the plaintiffs in the case of Robert Anthony Reed v. James A. Rhodes, which concerned the desegregation of the Cleveland Public Schools and was heard in the United States District Court Northern District of Ohio and United States Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals beginning in 1973 and concluding in 2000. Hardiman's papers regarding Reed v. Rhodes that make up this collection document his role and experiences in the matter. A celebrated civil rights attorney, Hardiman is perhaps most well known for his involvement in this case and other school desegregation initiatives across Ohio and the United States. With over 40 years of experience litigating complex civil liberties issues, Hardiman is also noted for his work challenging at-large elections of municipal court judges in Ohio and dedication to just criminal defense. In 2010, Hardiman was named the legal director for the American Civil Liberties Union of Ohio, where he continues to fight for civil rights. The collection consists of agendas, budgets, correspondence (general and professional), handbooks, legal briefs, memoranda, newsletters, newspaper clippings, notes, pamphlets, proposals, reports, testimony, transcripts, trial exhibits, and unofficial legal files. | | | | Call #: | MS 5123 | | | | Extent: | 30.40 linear feet (31 containers) | | | | Subjects: | Cleveland Public Schools. | Segregation in education -- Law and legislation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Segregation in education -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | School integration -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Public schools -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Race relations. | African Americans -- Civil rights -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African Americans -- Education -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Race discrimination -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Education.
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